| D |
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noun
- a grade awarded for a class, better than outright failure (which can be F or E depending on the institution) and worse than a C
proper noun
- (snooker) The semicircle on the baulk line, inside which the cue ball must be placed at a break-off
abbreviation
- Defense
- (US politics) Democrat
- Deny
- Divorced
- Down
- Drive
- Dutch language.
=
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| deactivate |
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verb (deactivat, es)
- (ergative) to make something inactive or no longer effective
- to prevent the action of a biochemical agent (such as an enzyme)
- to remove a person or piece of hardware from active military service
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| decane |
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noun - (chemistry) any of the seventy-five isomers of the aliphatic hydrocarbon having the chemical formula C10H22
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| decarbonate |
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verb to decarbonate
- To remove carbon dioxide from something
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| decarbonize |
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verb (decarboniz, ing)
- To remove carbon from something, especially from an engine; to decoke.
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| degrade |
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verb (degrad, ed)
- (transitive) To lower in value or social position.
- Fred degrades himself by his behaviour.
- (intransitive) To reduce in quality or purity.
- The DNA sample has degraded.
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| dehydrate |
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verb (dehydrat, ing)
- to lose or remove water; to dry
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| dehydrogenate |
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verb to dehydrogenate
- (chemistry) to remove hydrogen from a substance
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| denature |
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verb (denatures, denaturing, denatured, denatured)
- to take away a natural characteristic or inherent property of a thing or a person
- (in reference to alcohol) to add something that makes alcohol unsuitable for consumption but leaves the alcohol suitable for other purposes
- While you cannot drink denatured alcohol, you can still use it to remove sticker glue from most surfaces.
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| densitometer |
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noun
- A device that measures the optical density of a material.
- A device that measures the specific gravity of a substance; a densimeter.
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| depressant |
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noun
- A pharmacological substance which decreases neuronal or physiological activity.
adjective
- Acting as a depressant.
category:Drugs
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| depside |
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noun - (chemistry) any of a class of intermolecular esters formed from phenolic benzoic acids, especially such compounds found in lichen
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| derivative |
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noun (plural: derivatives)
- Something derive, derived.
- A word that derives from another one.
- (finance) A financial instrument whose value depends on the valuation of an underlying asset; such as a warrant, an option etc.
- (chemistry) A chemical derived from another.
- (calculus) The derived function of a function.
- The derivative of <math>f(x) = x^2</math> is <math>f'(x) = 2x</math>
- (calculus) The value of this function for a given value of its independent variable.
- The derivative of <math>f(x) = x^2</math> at x = 3 is <math>f'(3) = 2
adjective - Imitative of the work of someone else
- (copyright law) Referring to a work, such as a translation or adaptation, based on another work that may be subject to copyright restrictions
- Having a value that depends on an underlying asset of variable value
- Lacking originality
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| derive |
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verb (deriv, ing)
(rfex)
- (context, transitive) To obtain or receive (something) from something else.
- (context, transitive, logic) To deduce (a conclusion) by reasoning.
- (context, transitive, linguistics) To find the derivation of (a word or phrase).
- (context, transitive, chemistry) To create (a compound) from another by means of a reaction.
- (context, intransitive) To originate or stem (from).
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| desalinate |
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verb to desalinate
- To remove the salt from something, especially from seawater for use in a domestic water supply
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| desalt |
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verb - To remove salt from; to desalinate, as of sea water.
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| desensitize |
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verb (desensitiz, ing)
- to cause to become less sensitive or insensitive
- The exposure to light desensitized the film, so I had to buy a new roll.
- Even those who believe themselves desensitized to the grotesque will be shocked at this site.
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| destructive distillation |
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noun
- (chemistry) The heating of a material, such as coal or wood, in an inert atmosphere, at a high temperature such as to cause decomposition; the principal products include oils and tars from which many useful organic compounds may be obtained; town gas and coke were obtained in this way.
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| desulfur |
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verb to desulfur
- (transitive) to remove the sulfur from something (such as petroleum or flue gases)
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| desulfurize |
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verb (desulfuriz, ing)
- (transitive) to remove the sulfur from something (such as petroleum or flue gases)
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| detergent |
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noun
- any non-soap cleaning agent, especially a synthetic surfactant
- a compound with a lipophilic tail and a hydrophilic head.
adjective
- having the power to clean
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| deuteride |
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noun - (chemistry) any hydride in which the hydrogen is replaced by deuterium
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| deuterium |
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noun
- (isotope) An isotope of hydrogen formed of one proton and one neutron in each atom - (nuclide, 2, 1, H).
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| dialysis |
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noun (dialyses)
- (chemistry) a method of separating molecules or particles of different sizes by differential diffusion through a semipermeable membrane
- (medicine) hemodialysis
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| diamine |
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noun
- (chemistry) Any compound containing two amino functional groups.
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| diatomic |
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adjective - (chemistry) (of a molecule etc) consisting of two atoms
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| diazine |
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noun - (chemistry) an aromatic compound in which two CH groups of a benzene ring have been replaced with N; especially the three isomers of formula C4H4N2
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| diazo |
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adjective - (chemistry) of an organic compound containing a pair of double bonded nitrogen atoms directly attached to an aryl group
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| diazoamino |
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noun - (chemistry) the functional group -N=N-N<
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| diazomethane |
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noun - (chemistry) the simplest diazo compound, CH2=N+=N-; a toxic, yellow, explosive gas; used in analytical chemistry to convert carboxylic acids into their methyl esters for analysis via gas-liquid chromatography
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| diazonium |
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noun - (chemistry) any univalent cation, of general formula R-N2+, where R is an aryl group; diazonium salts are used to manufacture azo dyes, and take part in the Sandmeyer reaction
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| diazonium compound |
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noun - (chemistry) any compound having the general formula R-N2+ X-, especially one in which R is an aryl residue; they are important as intermediates in the production of azo dyes
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| diazonium salt |
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noun - (chemistry) a diazonium compound
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| diazotization |
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noun - (chemistry) the conversion of an aromatic primary amine into a diazonium compound, especially by the use of nitrous acid
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| dibasic |
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adjective - (chemistry) (of an acid) containing two replaceable hydrogen atoms
- (chemistry) (of a salt) having two atoms of a univalent metal
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| diborane |
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noun - (chemistry) boron hydride, B2H6, a colourless explosive gas with a nasty smell; it has an unusual structure in which two of the hydrogen atoms form a bridge between the two boron atoms
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| dibromide |
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noun - (chemistry) any bromide containing two bromine atoms in each molecule
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| dicarboxylic acid |
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noun
- (organic chemistry) Any organic compound having two carboxylic acid functional groups.
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| dichloride |
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noun - (chemistry) any chloride containing two chlorine atoms bound to a single element or radical
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| dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane |
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noun
- (chemistry) A chlorinated hydrocarbon which is mainly used as an insecticide. Mostly abbreviated as DDT.
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| dichroism |
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noun
- the property of some crystals of transmitting different colours of light in different directions
- (physics) the property of some anisotropic materials of having different absorption coefficients for light polarized in different directions; circular dichroism
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| dichromate |
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noun - (chemistry) any salt of dichromic acid; in solution the orange dichromate anion (Cr2O72-) is in equilibrium with the yellow chromate anion (CrO?42-), the relative amount of each ion depending on the pH; they are both very powerful oxidizing agents
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| dichromic acid |
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noun - (chemistry) A relatively unstable form of chromic acid, H2Cr2O7, known only in solution or as its salts, the dichromates, from which it may be prepared.
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| didymium |
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noun
- (element) A mixture of praseodymium and neodymium once thought to be an element (symbol Di).
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| Diels-Alder reaction |
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noun
- (organic chemistry) The cycloaddition reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene to form a cyclohexene ring.
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| diene |
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noun
- (organic chemistry) An organic compound, especially a hydrocarbon, containing two double bonds.
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| diester |
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noun - (chemistry) any organic compound containing two ester functional groups
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| digest |
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noun
- That which is digested; especially, that which is worked over, classified, and arranged under proper heads or titles
- A compilation of statutes or decisions analytically arranged; a summary of laws.
- Comyn's Digest
- the United States Digest
- Any collection of articles, as an Internet mailing list "digest" including a week's postings, or a magazine arranging a collection of writings.
- Reader's Digest is published monthly.
verb (rfc-level, Verb at L4+ not in L3 POS section)
- (transitive) To distribute or arrange methodically; to work over and classify; to reduce to portions for ready use or application.
- to laws
- (transitive) To separate (the food) in its passage through the alimentary canal into the nutritive and nonnutritive elements; to prepare, by the action of the digestive juices, for conversion into blood; to convert into chyme.
- (transitive) To think over and arrange methodically in the mind; to reduce to a plan or method; to receive in the mind and consider carefully; to get an understanding of; to comprehend.
- (context, transitive, chemistry) To soften by heat and moisture; to expose to a gentle heat in a boiler or matrass, as a preparation for chemical operations.
- (intransitive) To undergo digestion; as, food digests well or ill.
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| diglyceride |
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noun - (chemistry) a lipid, an ester of glycerol and two fatty acids (the same or different, in the 1,2 or 1,3 positions)
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| dihydric |
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adjective
- (chemistry) Containing two hydroxyl functional groups.
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| dihydroxy |
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adjective - (chemistry) containing two hydroxy functional groups
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| diketone |
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noun - (chemistry) any compound having two neighbouring ketonic carbonyl groups
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| DIL |
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initialism - dual in line
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| dilute |
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verb (dilut, ing)
- (transitive) To add more of a solvent to a solution; especially to add more water.
- (transitive) To weaken.
adjective
- Having a low concentration.
- Clean the panel with a , neutral cleaner.
- weak, Weak.
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| dimer |
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noun
- (chemistry) A molecule consisting of two identical halves, formed by joining two identical molecules, sometimes with a single atom acting as a bridge.
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| dimethyl |
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noun
- (organic chemistry) (in combination) Two methyl groups in a molecule.
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| dimethylnitrosamine |
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noun - (chemistry) a simple nitrosamine, (CH3)2N-N=O, found in tobacco smoke; it is carcinogenic
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| dimethyl sulfoxide |
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noun (abbreviation DMSO)
- (organic compound) An organic compound, (CH3)2SO, obtained as a byproduct from wood pulp, and is used as a solvent for carrying out chemical reactions and for administering drugs through the skin; also used as a reagent; its polar structure is a resonance hybrid.
+ -
>S=O <=> >S-O
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| diol |
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noun - (chemistry) any organic compound having two hydroxy functional groups
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| dioxide |
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noun
- (chemistry) Any oxide containing two oxygen atoms in each molecule.
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| diphenyl |
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noun
- (organic compound) An alternative name of biphenyl.
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| diphenylamine |
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noun - (chemistry) an aromatic amine, (C6H5)2NH, used in the manufacture of plastics, dyes, explosives, pesticides, fungicides and pharmaceuticals
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| diphosphate |
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noun - (chemistry) any salt or ester containing two phosphate groups
- (chemistry) any salt or ester of diphosphoric acid; pyrophosphate
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| dipole |
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noun - (physics) any object (such as a magnet, polar molecule or antenna), that is oppositely charged at two points (or poles)
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| disaccharide |
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noun
- (carbohydrates) Any sugar, such as sucrose, maltose and lactose, consisting of two monosaccharides combined together.
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| disperse |
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verb (disperses, dispersing, dispersed)
- To scatter abroad so as to drive to different parts; to distribute; to diffuse; to spread; to scatter, so as to cause to vanish; to dissipate; as, to disperse vapors.
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| dispersion |
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noun
- The state of being dispersed; dispersedness.
- A process of dispersing.
- The degree of scatter of data.
- The separation of visible light by refraction or diffraction.
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| disproportionation |
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noun - (chemistry) A form of redox reaction in which part of a reactant is oxidized and part of it is reduced simultaneously
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| dissolution |
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noun
- The termination of an organized body or legislative assembly, especially a formal dismisal
- Disintegration, or decomposition into fragments
- Dissolving, or going into solution
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| dissolve |
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noun
- cinematography a film punctuation in which there is a gradual transition from one scene to the next
verb (dissolv, ing)
- (chemistry): to disintegrate by immersing it into a liquid
- to disperse, to drive to parts (a group of persons)
- cinematography shift from one shot to another by having the former fade out as the latter fades in
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| distill |
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verb
- (transitive) Subject a substance to distillation; .
- (intransitive) Undergo or be produced by distillation.
- (transitive) Make by means of distillation, esp. whisky.
- (transitive) Exude in small drops.
- Firs distil resin.
- (transitive) Impart in small quantities.
- (transitive) Extract the essence of; concentrate; purify.
- (intransitive) Trickle down or fall in small drops; ooze out.
- (intransitive) Be manifested gently or gradually.
- (intransitive) Drip or be wet with.
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| distillate |
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noun
- The liquid that has been condensed from vapour during distillation; normally a purified form or a fraction of an original liquid
- (context, by extension) An essence of something
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| distillation |
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noun - The act of falling in drops, or the act of pouring out in drops.
- That which falls in drops.
- The separation of the volatile parts of a substance from the more fixed; specifically, the operation of driving off gas or vapor from volatile liquids or solids, by heat in a retort or still, and the condensation of the products as far as possible by a cool receiver, alembic, or condenser; rectification; vaporization; condensation; as, the distillation of illuminating gas and coal, of alcohol from sour mash, or of boric acid in steam.
- The substance extracted by distilling.
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| distilled |
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verb
- Past tense and past participle of distil (Commonwealth spelling) or distill (US spelling).
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| distiller |
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noun
- a person who works in a distillery
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| distribute |
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verb (distribut, ing)
- (transitive): To divide something into portions and dispense it.
- He distributed the bread amongst his followers.
- (transitive): To supply goods to retail outlets.
- The agency distributes newspapers to local shops.
- (transitive): To deliver or pass out something.
- A network of children distributes flyers to every house.
- (transitive): To scatter or spread something.
- I raked the soil then distributed grass seed.
- (transitive): To apportion evenly.
- The robot's six legs distributed its weight over a wide area.
- (transitive): To classify or separate into categories.
- The database distributed verbs into transitive and intransitive segments.
- (intransitive): (mathematics) To be distributive.
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| disulfide |
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noun - US spelling of disulphide
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| donor |
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noun
- One who donates typically money.
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| double bond |
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noun
- (chemistry) A covalent bond in which two electron pairs (instead of the usual one) are shared between two atoms; most common between carbon atoms and carbon, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, but several other forms are known.
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| double decomposition |
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noun
- (chemistry) a reaction between two substances in which two parts of each substance are exchanged; metathesis
- Example AgNO?3 + NaCl? => AgCl? + NaNO?3
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| DS |
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initialism
- directeur sportif
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| dyad |
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noun
- A set of two different elements.
- 1924: ARISTOTLE. Metaphysics. Translated by W. D. Ross. Nashotah, Wisconsin, USA: The Classical Library, 2001. Available at: <http://www.classicallibrary.org/aristotle/metaphysics/>. Book 1, Part 6.
- : positioning a and constructing the infinite out of great and small, instead of treating the infinite as one, is pucliar to him;
- (music) any set of two different pitch classes.
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