Complete Definition of "work"

wikipedia
English

rank|say|well|many|126|work|too|every|think

Pronunciation
a|RP IPA|/w��k/
a|Geordie IPA|/w�k/
a|US IPA|/w�k/
audio|en-us-work.ogg|Audio (US)

Etymology 1
OE. weorc, worc; akin to Old Frisian werk, wirk, Old Saxon, Dutch werk, German Werk, Old High German werc, werah, Icelandic & Swedish verk, Danish værk, Gothic gawaúrki, Ancient Greek ��δ� (to do), Avestan verez (to work). Cognates include: bulwark, energy, erg, georgic, liturgy, metallurgy, organ, surgeon, wright.

Noun
en-noun

  1. uncountable labour|Labour, employment, occupation, job.

#: I go to work everyday.

  1. uncountable effort|Effort expended on a particular task.

#: Holding a brick over your head is hard work.
#: It takes a lot of work to write a dictionary.

  1. uncountable context|Physics A measure of energy expended in moving an object; most commonly, force*distance. No work is done if the object does not move.

#: Work is done against friction to drag a bag along the ground.

  1. uncountable (Thermodynamics) A nonthermal First Law energy in transit between one form or repository and another. Also, a means of accomplishing such transit.1.
  2. countable A literary, artistic, or intellectual production.

#: It is a work of art.

  1. uncountable The place where one is employed.

#: He hasn�t come home yet, he�s still at work.

  1. countable A fortification.

#: William the Conqueror fortified many castles, throwing up new ramparts, bastions and all manner of works.

Translations
trans-top|Labour, employment, occupation, job
Croatian: t-|hr|posao|m
Czech: t+|cs|práce|f, t-|cs|zam�stnání|n
Danish: t+|da|arbejde|n
Ewe: d�w�w�
Finnish: t+|fi|työ
Frisian: wurk n
Hebrew: he-translation|ע����|avodá f, he-translation|�����|melakhá f
Italian: t+|it|lavoro, t+|it|impiego
trans-mid
Japanese: �� (���, shigoto), �業 (������, shokugy�)
Korean: � (il)
Kurdish: t+|ku|کار|scKUchar, t+|ku|ئ�ش|scKUchar
Polish: t+|pl|praca|m
Russian: �або�а (rabóta) f п�оизведение (proizv'ed'énije) n (5)
Scots: wark
Slovene: t+|sl|delo|n
Spanish: t+|es|trabajo|m
Swedish: t+|sv|arbete|n, t+|sv|jobb|n
trans-bottom

trans-top|Effort expended on a particular task
Czech: t+|cs|práce|f
Danish: t+|da|arbejde|n
Ewe: d�w�w�
Finnish: t+|fi|työ
Hebrew: he-translation|ע����|avodá f
Italian: t+|it|lavoro
trans-mid
Japanese: �� (�����, r�ryoku), �� (����, r�d�)
Kurdish: KUchar|ئ�ش
Polish: t+|pl|praca|m
Russian: t+|ru|�або�а|f|trrabóta|scCyrl, t+|ru|���д|m|trtrud|scCyrl
Scots: wark
Slovene: t+|sl|delo|n
Spanish: t+|es|trabajo|m
Swedish: t+|sv|arbete|n
trans-bottom

trans-top|A measure of energy expended in moving an object
Croatian: t-|hr|rad|m
Czech: t+|cs|práce|f
Danish: t+|da|arbejde|n
Finnish: t+|fi|työ
Frisian: arbeid
Hebrew: he-translation|ע����|avodá f
Italian: t+|it|lavoro
trans-mid
Japanese: �� (���, shigoto)
Russian: t+|ru|�або�а|f|trrabóta|scCyrl
Slovene: t+|sl|delo|n
Swedish: t+|sv|arbete|n
trans-bottom

trans-top|A nonthermal First Law energy in transit between one form or repository and another
Croatian: t-|hr|rad|m
Finnish: t+|fi|työ
Hebrew: he-translation|ע����|avodá f
trans-mid
Russian: t+|ru|�або�а|f|trrabóta|scCyrl
trans-bottom

trans-top|A literary, artistic, or intellectual production
Croatian: t-|hr|rad|m, t-|hr|djelo|n
Czech: dílo n, (a master work, craftsmanship) mistrovská práce f
Danish: værk n
Finnish: t+|fi|teos
Hebrew: he-translation|ע����|avodá f, he-translation|�����|melakhá f
Italian: t+|it|lavoro, t+|it|opera
trans-mid
Japanese: �� (����, sakuhin), �� (����, chosaku)
Korean: �� (jakpum)
Polish: t+|pl|dzie�o|n
Russian: t+|ru|�або�а|f|trrabóta|scCyrl, t+|ru|���д|m|trtrud|scCyrl, t+|ru|п�оизведение|n|trproizvedénije|scCyrl
Scots: wark
Slovene: t+|sl|delo|n
Spanish: t+|es|obra|f
Swedish: t|sv|verk|n
trans-bottom

trans-top|The place where one is employed
Croatian: t-|hr|posao|m
Czech: t-|cs|zam�stnání|n, t+|cs|práce|f
Danish: arbejde n, arbejdsplads c
Ewe: d�w��e
Finnish: t+|fi|työ, t+|fi|työpaikka
Hebrew: he-translation|ע����|avodá f
trans-mid
Japanese: ��場 (shigoto-ba)
Polish: t+|pl|praca|n
Russian: t+|ru|�або�а|f|trrabóta|scCyrl
Scots: wark
Slovene: t+|sl|delo|n
Spanish: t+|es|trabajo|m
Swedish: t+|sv|arbete|n, t+|sv|jobb|n
trans-bottom

trans-top|A fortification
Czech: t-|cs|dílo|n
Danish: værk n, forsvarsværk n
Hebrew: he-translation|ע����|avodá f
trans-mid
Russian: �к�епление (ukr'ep'lénije) n
Spanish: obras fp
trans-bottom

checktrans
trans-top|translations to be checked
ttbc|Albanian: punë
ttbc|Arabic: ARchar|ع�� unicode|(�ámal) m
ttbc|Basque: lan
ttbc|Breton: labour m, labourioù p (1), oberenn f, oberennoù p (3)
ttbc|Bulgarian: �або�а (rabota) f
ttbc|Catalan: treball m
ttbc|Dutch: werk (1), arbeid (2) n
ttbc|Esperanto: laboro
ttbc|French: travail m
ttbc|German: Arbeit f (1,2,3,6,7), Werk n (4,5)
ttbc|Ancient Greek: ��γον (ergon) n (1,2,5,7,8)
ttbc|Hindi: �ाम (k�m), �ार�य (k�rya), �र�म (karma)
ttbc|Hungarian: munka
ttbc|Ido: laborajo (1), verko (4).
trans-mid
ttbc|Irish: obair f
ttbc|Kurdish: kar m, î� m, ked f, �ol m, �uxl m, xebat f, çalakî f, wezîfe f, erk m, vatinî f
ttbc|Latin: labora f, opus n
ttbc|Marathi: �ाम (k�m), �ार�य (k�rya), �र�म (karma)
ttbc|Persian: FAchar|کار (k�r)
ttbc|Portuguese: trabalho m
ttbc|Romanian: munc� f, treab� f, oper� f, lucrare f
ttbc|Romansch: lavur f,
ttbc|Scots: wark
ttbc|Scottish Gaelic: obair#Scottish Gaelic|obair
ttbc|Slovak: robota f
ttbc|Swahili: kazi (noun 9/10) (1,2)
ttbc|Telugu: పని (pani) (1, 2), �ద�య��మ� (udyogamu) (1), శ�రమ (srama) (2)
trans-bottom

Related terms
top2
artwork
body of work
busy work
dreamwork
earthwork
fireworks
lifework
masterwork
piece of work
mid2
public works
waterworks
work ethic
work of art
work out
workout
workroom
work up
workup

Etymology 2
Old English wyrcan|wyr�an, cognate with Old Frisian werka, wirka, Old Saxon wirkian (Dutch werken#Dutch|werken), Old High German wurken (German wirken), Old Norse yrkja (Swedish yrka), Gothic ��������.

Verb
en-verb|works|working|worked or rarely, wrought

  1. intransitive To do a specific task by employing physical or mental powers.

#: He�s working in a bar.

  1. transitive To effect by gradual degrees.

#: He worked his way through the crowd.
#: The dye worked its way through.

  1. transitive To embroider with thread.
  2. transitive To set into action.

#: He worked the levers.

  1. transitive context|Zymurgy To cause to ferment.
  2. transitive To exhaust, by working (as a mine).
  3. transitive To shape, form, or improve a material (as stone or metal).
  4. transitive To operate in a certain place, area, or speciality.

#: She works the night clubs.
#: The salesman works the Midwest.
#: This artist works mostly in acrylics.

  1. transitive To operate in or through; as, to work the phones.
  2. transitive To provoke or excite; to influence.

#: The rock musician worked the crowd of young girls into a frenzy.

  1. transitive To use or manipulate to one�s advantage.

#: She knows how to work the system.

  1. transitive To cause to happen or to occur as a consequence.

#: I cannot work a miracle.

  1. transitive To cause to work.

#: He is working his servants hard.

  1. intransitive To function correctly; to act as intended; to achieve the goal designed for.

#: He pointed at the car and asked, "Does it work"?
#: He looked at the bottle of pain pills, wondering if they would work.
#: My plan didn�t work.

  1. intransitive (figuratively) To influence.

#: They worked on her to join the group.

  1. intransitive To effect by gradual degrees; as, to work into the earth.
  2. intransitive To move in an agitated manner.

#: His fingers worked with tension.

  1. intransitive To behave in a certain way when handled;

#: This dough does not work easily.
#: The soft metal works well.

Derived terms
work at
worker
working
work it
work off
work on
work out
work to rule
work up

Translations
trans-top|to do a specific task
Aleut: awal
Arabic: ع��/ا� �ع��
Chuvash: �çле
Czech: t+|cs|pracovat
Danish: t+|da|arbejde
Dutch: t+|nl|werken
Esperanto: t-|eo|labori|xs=Esperanto
Ewe: w� d�
Finnish: työskennellä, tehdä työ|työtä
French: travailler, bosser (slang)
German: t+|de|arbeiten
Hindi: �ामना (k�mn�)
trans-mid
Hebrew: t+|he|ע��|tr`avád|scHebr
Portuguese: t+|pt|trabalhar
Polish: t+|pl|pracowa�
Russian: �або�а�� (rabótat�), ���ди���� (trudít's'a)
Scots: wirk
Scottish Gaelic: obraich
Slovenian: delati
Spanish: t+|es|trabajar
Swedish: t-|sv|jobba, t|sv|arbeta (as part of an employment)
trans-bottom

trans-top|effect by gradual degrees (transitive)
Danish: bane sig vej, arbejde sig
Finnish: tunkeutua, hivuttaa
Hebrew: t+|he|עש�|tr`asáh|scHebr
trans-mid
Polish: przedziera� si�
Russian: п�оби�а���� (probirát's'a) impf, п�об�а���� (probrát's'a) pf through a crowd, п�о�а�ива���� (prosá�ivat's'a) impf, п�о�о�и���� (proso�ít's'a) pf about a liquid
Swedish: t+|sv|arbeta
trans-bottom

trans-top|embroider with thread
Danish: brodere
Polish: wyszywa�
trans-mid
Russian: в��ива�� (vyšivát�) impf, в��и�� (výšit') pf
Spanish: t-|es|bordar
trans-bottom

trans-top|set into action
Danish: betjene, anvende
Finnish: t+|fi|käyttää
French: t|fr|actionner
Hebrew: t-|he|�פע��|trhif`íl|scHebr
trans-mid
Japanese: ���� (hatarakaseru)
Polish: wprowadzi�
Russian: п�иводи�� в#Russian|в дей��вие (privodít� v déjstvije)
Spanish: hacer funcionar; operar
trans-bottom

trans-top|cause to ferment
Danish: gære
Polish: t+|pl|pracowa�
trans-mid
Spanish: t-|es|fermentar
trans-bottom

trans-top|exhaust
Danish: udnytte
Finnish: käyttää loppu|loppuun
trans-mid
Polish: zużuwa�
Russian: в��аба��ва�� (vyrabátyvat') impf, в��або�а�� (výrabotat') pf
trans-bottom

trans-top|shape, form, or improve a material
Czech: t-|cs|opracovat
Danish: bearbejde, forarbejde
Dutch: t+|nl|bewerken
Finnish: työstää, muokata
trans-mid
Portuguese: t+|pt|trabalhar
Polish: obrabia�
Russian: об�аба��ва�� (vyrabátyvat') impf, об�або�а�� (obrabótat') pf
Spanish: tallar, trabajar (of metal)
Swedish: t-|sv|bearbeta
trans-bottom

trans-top|operate in a certain place, area, or specialty.
Danish: drive (e.g. a bar), arbejde (e.g. artist's use of material)
Finnish: t+|fi|työskennellä
trans-mid
Russian: �або�а�� (rabótat�), ���ди���� (trudít's'a)
trans-bottom

trans-top|to operate in or through
Finnish: t+|fi|käyttää
trans-mid
trans-bottom

trans-top|provoke or excite
Danish: bearbejde
Finnish: t+|fi|aiheuttaa
Dutch: t+|nl|bespelen
trans-mid
Russian: в�з�ва�� (vyzyvát�), возб�жда�� (vozbuždát�) impf, возб�ди�� (vozbudít') pf
trans-bottom

trans-top|use or manipulate
Danish: udnytte
Finnish: t+|fi|käyttää, t+|fi|ohjata
trans-mid
Japanese: ���� (hatarakaseru)
trans-bottom

trans-top|cause to happen
Danish: udvirke, få til at ske
Dutch: t+|nl|bewerkstelligen
Finnish: t+|fi|aiheuttaa, t+|fi|tehdä
trans-mid
Japanese: t-|ja|起��|trokosu|scJpan
Russian: в�з�ва�� (vyzyvát�) impf, в�зва�� (výzvat') pf
Spanish: t+|es|producir, t-|es|motivar
trans-bottom

trans-top|cause to work
Danish: sætte i arbejde, få til at arbejde
Finnish: teettää, teettää työ|työtä
Hebrew: t-|he|�ע���|trhe`evíd|scHebr
trans-mid
Japanese: ���� (hatarakaseru)
Swedish: t|sv|driva
trans-bottom

trans-top|function correctly
Croatian: t-|hr|funkcionirati, t-|hr|raditi
Czech: t-|cs|fungovat
Danish: t-|da|virke
Ewe: w� d�
Finnish: t+|fi|toimia
French: t+|fr|marcher, t+|fr|fonctionner
German: t+|de|funktionieren, t+|de|wirken
Hebrew: t+|he|ע��|tr`avád|scHebr
trans-mid
Portuguese: t+|pt|funcionar
Russian: �або�а�� (rabótat�)
Serbian:

Spanish: funcionar, marchar, ser eficaz (of medicine)
Swedish: t+|sv|fungera, t|sv|gå (of machinery, or abstractly)
trans-bottom

trans-top|influence
Danish: bearbejde
Finnish: t+|fi|vaikuttaa
trans-mid
Japanese: ����� (hataraki-kakeru)
Russian: вли��� (vliját�)
Swedish: t-|sv|bearbeta
trans-bottom

trans-top|effect by gradual degrees (intransitive)
Danish: t+|da|arbejde
trans-mid
trans-bottom

trans-top|move in an agitated manner.
Danish: t+|da|gå
trans-mid
Spanish: t|es|tocerse, t|es|moverse
trans-bottom

trans-top|behave in a certain way when handled.
Danish: t-|da|virke, t-|da|fungere
Finnish: muokkautua
trans-mid
Russian: �або�а�� (rabótat�)
Swedish: t+|sv|fungera
trans-bottom

checktrans
trans-top|translations to be checked
ttbc|Aromanian: lucredzu
ttbc|Breton: labourat, mont en-dro
ttbc|Filipino: trabaho
ttbc|Frisian: wurkje
ttbc|Hungarian: működik, dolgozik
ttbc|Indonesian: kerja
ttbc|Ido: laborar
ttbc|Italian: lavorare
ttbc|Romanian: munci, merge, funcţiona, lucra
ttbc|Slovak: robiť
ttbc|Spanish: trabajar, funcionar
trans-bottom

Category:200 English basic words
Category:English irregular verbs
Category:English words with multiple etymologies
Category:Mechanics

ang:work
ar:work
zh-min-nan:work
de:work
el:work
es:work
fa:work
fr:work
ko:work
hy:work
io:work
it:work
kk:work
ku:work
la:work
lt:work
hu:work
ja:work
pl:work
pt:work
ru:work
simple:work
fi:work
sv:work
ta:work
te:work
vi:work
tr:work
uk:work
zh:work

Revision and Credits for"work"
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