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Glossary of Philosophy Terms
beginning with letter C
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Cartesian Tweet Definition of Cartesian Like Definition of Cartesian on Facebook
adjective 
  1. Of, or pertaining to, w:Descartes, Descartes, his mathematical methods, or his philosophy, especially with regard to its emphasis on logical analysis and its mechanistic interpretation of physical nature.
  2. (context, mathematics, cartography) Of, or pertaining to, co-ordinates based on mutually orthogonal axes.
     
casuist Tweet Definition of casuist Like Definition of casuist on Facebook
noun 
  1. (ethics) a theologian or other person who resolves cases of conscience or moral duty
  2. someone who argues over fine details; a quibbler or sophist
     
casuistic Tweet Definition of casuistic Like Definition of casuistic on Facebook
adjective 
  1. relating to casuistry (attempts to solve moral dilemmas by applying general rules)
  2. overly subtle, split hairs, hair-splitting
    • 1855, Sir Richard Burton, Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to Al-Madinah and Meccah
    • :These subjects have exercised not a little the talents of the Arab doctors: a folio volume might be filled with differences of opinion on the subject, "Is a blind man sound?"
     
casuistry Tweet Definition of casuistry Like Definition of casuistry on Facebook
noun 
  1. The process of answer, answering moral or ethical questions via interpretation of rules of ethics or cases that illustrate such rules.
  2. rationalization, Rationalization, that is, a bogus argument designed to defend an action or feeling.
(seeCites)      
circle Tweet Definition of circle Like Definition of circle on Facebook
noun 
  1. (geometry): A two-dimensional geometric figure, a line, consisting of the set of all those points in a plane that are equally distant from another point.
The set of all points (x, y) such that <math>(x-1)^2 + y^2 = r^2 </math> is a of radius r around the point (1, 0).
  1. A two-dimensional geometric figure, a disk, consisting of the set of all those points of a plane at a distance less than or equal to a fixed distance from another point.
  2. Any thin three-dimensional equivalent of the geometric figures.
Put on your dunce-cap and sit down on that .
  1. A curve that more or less forms part or all of a circle.
move in a
  1. Orbit.
  2. A specific group of persons.
inner
of friends
  1. (cricket) A line comprising two semicircles of 30 yds radius centred on the wickets joined by straight lines parallel to the pitch used to enforce field restrictions in a one-day match.
verb (circl, ing)
  1. (transitive) To travel around along a curved path.
  2. (transitive) To surround.
  3. (transitive) To place or mark a circle around.
Circle the jobs that you are interested in applying for.
  1. (intransitive) To travel in circles.
Vultures circled overhead.
     
complete Tweet Definition of complete Like Definition of complete on Facebook
verb (complet, ing)
  1. (transitive) To finish; to make done; to reach the end.
He completed the assignment on time.
  1. (transitive) To make whole or entire.
The last chapter completes the book nicely.
adjective 
  1. With everything included.
It was a shock when he turned up on my doorstep.
  1. (analysis) In which every Cauchy sequence converges; equivalently (in certain cases), in which every set with a lower bound has a greatest lower bound
     
comprehension Tweet Definition of comprehension Like Definition of comprehension on Facebook
noun 
  1. thorough understanding
  2. (computing) a compact syntax for generating a list in some functional programming languages
     
conclusion Tweet Definition of conclusion Like Definition of conclusion on Facebook
noun 
  1. The end, finish, close or last part of something.
  2. The outcome or result of a process or act.
  3. A decision reached after careful thought.
  4. (logic) In a syllogism, the proposition that follows as a necessary consequence of the premises.
     
condition Tweet Definition of condition Like Definition of condition on Facebook
noun 
  1. A logical clause or phrase that a conditional statement uses. The phrase can either be true or false.
  2. The health status of a medical patient.
  3. The state of any object, referring to the amount of its wear.
verb 
  1. To undergo the process of acclimation.
"I became conditioned to the absence of seasons in San Diego."
  1. To subject to different conditions, especially as an exercise.
"They were conditioning their shins in their karate class."
  1. To shape the behaviour of someone to do something.
     
conjunct Tweet Definition of conjunct Like Definition of conjunct on Facebook
noun 
  1. either party to a conjunction
adjective 
  1. conjoined
  2. acting together
     
conjunctive Tweet Definition of conjunctive Like Definition of conjunctive on Facebook
adjective 
  1. (grammar) relating to a conjunction
  2. (grammar) of a personal pronoun, used only in immediate conjunction with the verb of which the pronoun is the subject, such as French je or Irish
    1. Irish, sé
    2. (logic) of or relating to logical conjunction
     
connotation Tweet Definition of connotation Like Definition of connotation on Facebook
noun 
  1. A meaning that is suggested or implied, as opposed to a denotation, or literal definition. A characteristic of words or phrases, or of the contexts that words and phrases are used in.
The connotations of the phrase "you are a dog" are that you are physically unattractive or morally reprehensible, not that you are a canine.
     
consciousness Tweet Definition of consciousness Like Definition of consciousness on Facebook
noun 
  1. The state of being conscious or aware; awareness
     
consequent Tweet Definition of consequent Like Definition of consequent on Facebook
adjective 
  1. Following as a result, inference, or natural effect.
  2. Of or pertaining to consequences.
His retirement and spare time enabled him to travel more.
     
content Tweet Definition of content Like Definition of content on Facebook
noun 
  1. (uncountable) That which is contained.
  2. (uncountable) Published information and experience , experiences such as many novels, movies, music, game, webpages, presentations, organized data, etc.
  3. (mathematics) The n-dimensional, n-dimensional space contained by an n-dimensional polytope (called volume in the case of a polyhedron and area in the case of a polygon).
  4. See also contents
verb 
  1. (transitive) To satisfy.
You can't have any more - you'll have to yourself with what you already have.
adjective 
  1. Satisfied; in a state of satisfaction.
     
contingent Tweet Definition of contingent Like Definition of contingent on Facebook
noun 
  1. An event which may or may not happen; that which is unforeseen, undetermined, or dependent on something future; a contingency.
  2. That which falls to one in a division or apportionment among a number; a suitable share; proportion; especially, a quota of troops.
adjective 
  1. possible, Possible or liable, but not certain to occur; incidental; casual.
  2. (with upon) dependent, Dependent on something that is undetermined or unknown.
    The success of his undertaking is upon events which he can not control.
  3. Dependent on something that may or may not occur.
    a estate
     
contradiction Tweet Definition of contradiction Like Definition of contradiction on Facebook
noun 
  1. (uncountable) The act of contradicting.
His contradiction of the proposal was very interesting.
  1. (countable) A statement that contradicts itself.
There is a contradiction in what you say - she can't be both married and single.
  1. (logic) (countable) A proposition that is false for all values of its variables.
     
contradictory Tweet Definition of contradictory Like Definition of contradictory on Facebook
noun (contradictories)
  1. (logic) any of a pair of propositions, that cannot both be true or both be false
adjective 
  1. that contradicts something, such as an argument
  2. that is itself a contradiction
  3. that is diametrically opposed to something
  4. mutually exclusive
     
contrariety Tweet Definition of contrariety Like Definition of contrariety on Facebook
noun (contrarieties)
  1. Opposition or contrariness; cross-purposes, marked contrast.
  • 1759: This of humours betwixt my father and my uncle, was the source of many a fraternal squabble. " Laurence Sterne, The Life & Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman (Penguin 2003, p. 61)
  • 1883: The wind blowing steady and gentle from the south, thee was no between that and the current, and the billows rose and fell unbroken. " w:Robert Louis Stevenson, Robert Louis Stevenson, w:Treasure Island, Treasure Island
  •      
    contrary Tweet Definition of contrary Like Definition of contrary on Facebook
    adjective 
    1. opposed in nature
    2. strongly dissimilar
         
    conversion Tweet Definition of conversion Like Definition of conversion on Facebook
    noun 
    1. The act of having converted something or someone.
    His to Christianity
    The of the database from ASCII to Unicode
    1. (chemistry) A chemical reaction wherein a substrate is transformed into a product.
    2. (rugby) A free-kick, after scoring a try, worth two points
    3. (American football) extra point scored by kicking a field goal after scoring a touchdown.
    4. (marketing) An online advertising performance metric representing a visitor performing whatever the intended result of an ad is defined to be. This can be a purchase or a download of a whitepaper.
         
    convert Tweet Definition of convert Like Definition of convert on Facebook
    noun 
    1. A person who has converted his or her religion.
    They were all converts to Islam.
    1. A person who is now in favour of something that he or she previously opposed or disliked.
    I never really liked broccoli before, but now that I've tasted it the way you cook it, I'm a convert!
    verb 
    1. To transform or change (something) into another form, substance, state, or product.
    A kettle converts water into steam.
    1. To change (something) from one use, function, or purpose to another
    He converted his garden into a tennis court.
    1. To induce (someone) to adopt a particular religion, faith, or belief
    They converted her to Roman Catholicism on her deathbed.
    1. To exchange for something of equal value.
    We converted our pounds into euros.
    1. To express (a quantity) in alternative units.
    How do you feet into metres?
    1. (rugby football) To score a conversion.
    2. (ten-pin bowling) To score a spare.
         
    cosmology Tweet Definition of cosmology Like Definition of cosmology on Facebook
    noun 
    1. The study of the physical universe, its structure, dynamics, origin and evolution, and fate
    2. A metaphysics, metaphysical study into the origin and nature of the universe
         
    counterfactual Tweet Definition of counterfactual Like Definition of counterfactual on Facebook
    adjective 
    1. contrary to the facts; untrue
         
    Cynic Tweet Definition of Cynic Like Definition of Cynic on Facebook
    proper noun 
    1. a member of a sect of ancient Greek philosophers who believed virtue to be the only good and self-control to be the only means of achieving virtue.
    adjective 
    1. of or related to the Cynics.
         
    Cynical Tweet Definition of Cynical Like Definition of Cynical on Facebook
    adjective 
    1. Of or relating to the Cynics, a sect of ancient Greek philosophers who believed virtue to be the only good and self-control to be the only means of achieving virtue.
         
    Cynicism Tweet Definition of Cynicism Like Definition of Cynicism on Facebook
    proper noun 
    1. the philosophy of the Greek Cynics
         

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